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This method involves analyzing data to summarize and describe the key features of a sample or population. Descriptive statistics can include measures of central tendency (e.g., mean, median, mode) and measures of variability (e.g., range, standard deviation). This involves examining the relationships between two or more variables to describe their patterns or associations. Correlational studies can be used to identify potential causal relationships or to explore the strength and direction of relationships between variables.
Descriptive research design
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It is therefore often employed in the initial stages of a study before progressing to more complex research designs. To put it in another way, descriptive research precedes the hypotheses of explanatory research. The successful completion of the readjustment journey played a pivotal role in bolstering the participants’ confidence, and encouraged them to envisage future professional goals. The observational method is considered the most effective method for carrying out descriptive research. You can leverage offline survey tools to gather data digitally, even without the Internet. By adding to the existing knowledge base, this paper enhances the information available to researchers who wish to use the qualitative descriptive approach, influencing the standard of how this approach is employed in healthcare research.
Aims
Focus groups involve people with similar characteristics coming together in a relaxed and permissive environment to share their thoughts, experiences and insights (Krueger and Casey, 2009). Participants share their own views and experiences, but also listen to and reflect on the experiences of other group members. Telephone interviews and online approaches are gaining more traction as they offer greater flexibility and reduced costs for researchers and ease of access for participants. In addition, they may help to achieve maximum variation sampling or examine experiences from a national or international perspective. Face-to-face interviews are often perceived as more appropriate than telephone interviews; however, this assumption has been challenged as evidence to support the use of telephone interviews emerges (Ward et al., 2015).
The trustworthiness of the study
The intervention group took part in a 1-hour play therapy session with their child whereas the control group received usual care. Quantitative findings identified there was no difference in parents’ anxiety levels between the intervention and control group. In addition, in the qualitative interviews, parents made suggestions about how the play group could be improved, which provides important data for the further development of the intervention. Descriptive research methods can include surveys, observational studies, and case studies, and the data collected can be qualitative or quantitative. The findings from descriptive research provide valuable insights and inform future research, but do not establish cause-and-effect relationships.
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Descriptive research data is analyzed to identify patterns, relationships, and trends within the data. Statistical techniques, such as frequency distributions and descriptive statistics, are commonly used to summarize and describe the data. Descriptive research studies a particular population or sample that is representative of the larger population being studied. Descriptive research can be used to validate sampling methods and to help researchers determine the best approach for their study. An online survey or questionnaire can be used in descriptive studies to gather quantitative information about a particular problem.
Time-consuming
This method provides a rich and detailed account that aids in understanding, categorizing, and interpreting the subject matter. Without specific, aligned methods, descriptive design novice researchers can unintentionally introduce “method slurring” and produce a study not based in a rigorous philosophical paradigm as are more traditional designs. Descriptive research design is a type of research methodology that researchers mostly use to analyze and document the behaviors and characteristics of a particular group of people. It gives a detailed analysis of a situation to explore the relation between two variables.
Study designs: Part 2 – Descriptive studies
Research projects must first explore, gather, and assess evidence related to a specific occurrence, notion, or claim. Before attempting to address a problem, they need to conduct descriptive research about it. Descriptive research only provides a snapshot of the current situation and cannot establish cause-and-effect relationships. The insights gained from a descriptive research can inform future research and inform policy decisions and programs. Focus group research involves bringing together a small group of people to discuss a particular topic or product. Furthermore, the group is usually moderated by a researcher and the discussion is recorded for later analysis.
Characteristics of descriptive research
Accordingly, nurse researchers need to be reflexive, that is, clear about their role and position in terms of the phenomena being studied, the context, the theoretical framework and all decision-making processes used in a qualitative descriptive study. The primary advantage of descriptive research designs is that researchers can create a reliable and beneficial database for additional study. To conduct any inquiry, you need access to reliable information sources that can give you a firm understanding of a situation. Researchers can conduct various investigations and collect multiple types of data (quantitative and qualitative) using surveys with diverse designs. Case reports and case-series refer to a solitary patient or to only a few cases, who may represent a chance occurrence. Hence, conclusions based on these run the risk of being non-representative, and hence unreliable.
Multiple methods of data collection
The extent of description and/or interpretation in a qualitative descriptive study is ultimately determined by the focus of the study (Neergard et al., 2009). The data analysis revealed five themes that facilitated the continuation of work for these participants. The latter three themes describe factors that motivated the participants to pursue their professional careers. “Cultivating confidence through incremental professional development and future envisioning” represents another motivator that enriches the professional lives of returners. Previous studies have shown the struggles and challenges that returning nurses faced in their journey towards reintegration, and in reaffirming their identity as nursing professionals [28, 31, 35].
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By gathering information on the habits of shoppers, retailers can get a better understanding of the purchases being made. Descriptive research is used for a number of commercial purposes or when organizations need to understand the behaviors or opinions of a population. This type of study uses qualitative observations to understand human behavior within a particular group.
This is because descriptive research is more explanatory than exploratory or experimental. During the major scientific classification of plants, animals, and periodic table elements, the characteristics and components of each subject are evaluated and used to determine how they are classified. This method is employed in biological sciences for the classification of plants and animals. A researcher who wishes to classify the sea animals into different species will collect samples from various search stations, then classify them accordingly. This is an extension of the descriptive survey, with the addition being the normative element. In the descriptive-normative survey, the results of the study should be compared with the norm.
The nursing shortage represents a persistent and urgent challenge within the healthcare industry. One of the most cost-effective and time-efficient solutions to address this issue is the recruitment of inactive nurses to rejoin the nursing workforce, while simultaneously ensuring the long-term sustainability of their careers following their return to work. The aim of this study is to explore the factors that facilitate the retention of nurses who have returned to work, from their perspective. The researchers can then use the findings of the case study to provide a detailed account of the business’s approach to sustainability and to identify best practices that could be applied to other businesses. Voxco being an omnichannel survey software, can be a valuable tool in descriptive research design. It can provide its users with a convenient and efficient means of collecting data from a large number of respondents.
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